Aerospace engineering degree program provides graduates with the technical foundation they need to enter the field of Aeronautics & Astronautics. It will prepare them to apply engineering principles, processes and practices to evaluate, analyze, design and develop aerospace systems, and their maintenance.

Focused on the field requirements for airborne/space borne platforms, the four-year program encompasses the study of aerodynamics, propulsion, aerospace structures, flight dynamics, navigation guidance and control with application of knowledge during aerospace vehicle design. The program imparts knowledge of basic engineering technology as well as practical knowhow for readiness of engineers to cope up the challenges being faced by organizations in Aerospace industry. The curriculum for undergraduate program in Aerospace Engineering leading to the award of Bachelor of Science degree is approved by Higher Education Commission and accredited by Pakistan Engineering Council.

The Aerospace engineering BS program prepares technically strong engineers who can contribute effectively towards the community and related industry through research, entrepreneurship, leadership, and passion for life-long learning.

List of Electives

1. Humanities and Social Sciences
   • English
     
     • Functional English
       The course is designed to equip students with essential language skills needed for effective communication in diverse real-world scenarios. It builds proficiency in English language usage through a preliminary focus on word choices, grammar, and sentence structure while simultane-ously immersing students in communicative situations that activate these concepts to enable nuanced comprehension and expression. The course encompasses a range of practical commu-nication aspects useful in academic and professional spheres, including professional writing, public speaking, and everyday conversation. Additionally, an integral part of the course is fostering an understanding of the impact of language on diverse audiences. Students will also learn to communicate inclusively and display a strong commitment to cultural awareness in their language use to navigate the globalized world with ease and efficacy, thus positively impacting their interactions.
     • Expository Writing
       The course will enhance students’ abilities to produce clear, concise and coherent written texts in English. The course will also enable students to dissect intricate ideas, amalgamate information and express their views and opinions through well-organized essays. The students will further be able to refine their analytical skills to substantiate their viewpoints using credible sources while adhering to established ethical writing norms. Additionally, the course will highlight the significance of critical thinking enabling students to produce original and engaging written texts.
     • Culture
       
       • Pakistan Studies
         To acquaint the students with ideological background of Pakistan, political and constitutional developments in the country, Geo-political significance of Pakistan and its relations with neigh-boring countries in particular, and world in general in addition to Pakistan’s role in regional and international organizations.
       • Islamic Studies
         To acquaint the students with the need for the renaissance of Islamic society by strengthening the foundation of faith upon proofs and not upon blind following and furthermore enabling the upcoming generation to face the social, ethical, religious and intellectual challenges with confi-dence and will help them in building a strong ethical and intellectual society.
       • Professional Ethics
         An Overview of Business ethics, Ethical issues in Business, Appling Moral Philosophies to Business Ethics, Moral Philosophy Defined, Moral Philosophy Perspectives, Social Responsibility, An Ethical Decision-Making Framework, How the Organization Influences Ethical Decision Making, The Role of Opportunity and Conflict, Opportunity, Conflict, Development of an Effective Ethics Program, International Business Ethics, Fundamentals and basic principles of OSHA will be covered in the course for enhancing awareness of workplace safety and health.
       • Applied Psychology
         Scope of Psychology, Biological Bases of Behavior, Emotions, Perception and Motivation, Cognitive Psychology, Personality, Psychology of Communication, Mass Communication, Psychology of Work Environment, Organizational Behavior, Stress Management Relaxation Techniques.
     • Social Sciences
       
       • Civics and Community Engagement
         The course, as the scientific study of human interaction, aims to provide the students with a survey of the concepts, theories, research, and ideas that comprise the core of body knowledge. The goals of the course are to encourage students to think critically about the social world, examine various issues through a sociological lens, problematize social issues and spark the sociological imagination.
       • Engineering Economics
         Principles of economics, decisions about engineering projects, cost and benefits evaluation of different technical alternatives to determine the most economically viable choices by analyzing the time value of money, comparing different project options, and considering factors like risk and uncertainty
       • Sociology
         Historical Perspective, Society & Community, Social Groups & social Institutions, Social Interaction & Social Norms, Social & Cultural Change, Collective Behavior, Civil Society & Development Discussion on Social Problems of Pakistan.
   • Management Sciences
     • Entrepreneurship
       Evolution of the concept of entrepreneur; factors affecting entrepreneurial growth. Ingredients for a successful new business, Creativity and source of new business ideas, E-Commerce and business start-up and growth, marketing management: franchising, management systems, role and function of management.
     • Project Management
       Introduction to organization, planning and decision aids, project planning techniques, organization structure, human resource management, leadership, total quality management, project management techniques, managing information system, managing operation, PERT, CPM, tools.
   • Natural Sciences
     • Mathematics
       
       • Calculus
         Introduction, functions, single & multi valued functions, inverse function and graphs polar coordinates, limit, continuity, indeterminate forms, L'Hopital Rule, infinite series, derivative and its applications, related rates, maxima and minima, Tailor and Maclaurin series comparison, ratio, root and integral tests, absolute series, integration, Wall's formula, application, quadrature, arc length, solid of revolution.
       • Linear Algebra
         System of linear equations and matrices, determinants, Cramer's rule, vectors in 2-D space and 3-D space, eigenvalues, eigenvectors, equilibrium temperature distributions, linear transformations, complex inner product spaces, unitary, normal, and Hermitian matrices, applications of linear algebra.
       • Differential Equations
         First and higher order differential equations, power series method, Laplace transformation, differentiation and integral theorems, system of linear differential equations, partial differential equations, method of separation of variables.
       • Engineering Mathematics
         Partial differentiation, advance vector analysis, directional derivatives, irrational and solenoidal vector fields, multiple integration, Guass divergence theorem, Stokes's and green theorems, Fourier series, complex variables, Cauchy Riemann equation.
       • Probability and Statistics
         Frequency distribution, Simple and conditional probability, Random variables & mathematical expectation, Distribution (Binomial, Poison, Uniform and Normal distributions) Statistics mainly covers the data collection, presentation, summarization in meaningful manner such as measures of averages and dispersion, and shape of data distribution.
     • Physics
       
       • Applied Physics
         Vectors, Motion along a straight line, Motion in two and three dimensions, Newton’s Laws of Motion, Applying Newton’s Laws, Work and Kinetic Energy, Potential Energy and Energy Conservation, Momentum, Impulse and collisions, Rotation of rigid bodies, Dynamics of rotational motion, Newton’s Laws of Gravitation, Gravitational Potential Energy, Equilibrium of Bodies, Center of Mass and gravity, Fluid Mechanics, Pascal’s Law, Archimedes principle, Waves, Sound Waves, Shock Waves, Doppler Effect, Electromagnetism, Electric Field, Gauss’s Law, Electric Potential, Capacitance and Dielectric, Resistance and Electromotive Force, Magnetic Field, Inductance, Solid State Physics
     • Chemistry
       
       • Engineering Chemistry
         Extraction of metals, production and applications, corrosion, anodization and thermochemistry that controls the properties and interconnection of processes and defining the behavior of materials, study of polymers, lubricants, paints and coatings, Fuels used in the aerospace industry.
   • Computing
     • Numerical Analysis
       Newton method, regula falsi method, modified newton method, finite differences, method of least square, Lagrange interpolation, numerical differentiation, numerical integration, ordinary and partial differential equations, Runge Kutta method.
     • Introduction to Computer Programming
       Logical Expressions and Selection Control Structures, Loops, Functions, Scope, Single and Multidimensional Arrays, Structures, Strings, etc.
     • Artificial Intelligence
       Introduction (Basic component of AI, Identifying AI systems, branches of AI, etc.); Reasoning and Knowledge Representation (Introduction to Reasoning and Knowledge Representation, Propositional Logic, First order Logic); Problem Solving by Searching (Informed searching, Uninformed searching, Local searching.); Constraint Satisfaction Problems; Adversarial Search (Min-max algorithm, Alpha beta pruning, Game-playing); Learning (Unsupervised learning, Supervised learning, Reinforcement learning); Uncertainty handling (Uncertainty in AI, Fuzzy logic); Recent trends in AI and applications of AI algorithms (trends, Case study of AI systems, Analysis of AI systems).
   • Engineering Subjects
     • Mandatory
       
       • Introduction to Aerospace Engineering
         Aeronautics: Anatomy of an airplane, standard atmosphere, Aerodynamic forces, lift and drag; Astronautics: Satellite types and orbits; elements of propulsive systems, basic structural elements, systems and materials used for aerospace vehicles-project.
       • Workshop Technology
         Introduction to manufacturing, hand tools, turning, milling, shaping, drilling, grinding, joining and welding processes, manufacturing process planning, CNC lathe and CNC milling, Computer Aided Design and Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM), woodworking. Awareness regarding workshop floor safety and health procedure and use of protective equipment with relevance to OSHA standard.
       • Engineering Drawing
         Intro to engineering drawing, concept of lines, orthographic projection, projection of points, projection of lines, solids of revolution, intro to PRO-E, drawing of 2D figures and 3D solids.
       • Computer Aided Drafting
         Intro to engineering drawing, concept of lines, orthographic projection, projection of points, projection of lines, solids of revolution, intro to PRO-E, drawing of 2D figures and 3D solids.
       • Thermodynamics
         Introduction and Basic Concepts, Energy, Energy Transfer and General Energy Analysis, Properties of Pure Substances, Energy Analysis of Closed Systems, Mass and Energy Analysis of Control Volumes, The Second Law of Thermodynamics, Entropy, Exergy-A Measure of Work Potential, Gas Power Cycles.
       • Engineering Mechanics-I
         Fundamental concepts, systems of units, scalars and vectors, Newton’s laws, force systems, equilibrium in 2D and 3D, structures, method of joints and sections, center of mass, concentrated loads, shear force and bending moment, friction.
       • Engineering Mechanics-II
         Kinematics of particle motion in various coordinate systems, kinetics of particle using force mass acceleration, work-energy and impulse-momentum, Kinematics of body motion in 2D, Kinetics of rigid bodies, using force-mass acceleration, work-energy and impulse-momentum.
       • Mechanics of Materials
         Stress, strain, Hook's law, statically determinate and indeterminate problems in axial and shear modes, shear force and bending moment diagrams, flexural and shear formula for beams, theory of torsion; thin walled pressure vessel.
       • Aerospace Materials
         General introduction to materials classification and their general properties, atomic and crystal structure, crystal imperfections, mechanical properties/behavior of material, dislocations and failure mechanism, Phase diagram, thermal processing of metals, description of Ferrous and non-ferrous metals & alloys, ceramics, and polymers with emphasis on its aerospace application, composite material and its applications in aerospace, material selection process and salient environmental/societal issues.
       • Aerospace Instrumentation
         Principles and components of a measurement system, statistical data analysis, circuits used for signal conditioning, amplifiers and their configurations, Analog to Digital and Digital to Analog converters, meters, problems associated with electronic measurement systems, Transducers used for measuring different physical quantities like temperature, light, humidity, pressure, vibration, shock, magnetism, ultrasonic, proximity and strain etc. Control of DC motors and stepper motors, aircraft cockpit instruments, IMU/INS, implementation of data acquisition systems and inter-facing with computer using Lab View.
       • Incompressible Aerodynamics
         Aerodynamic forces and moments, fundamental principles and equation fundamentals of in viscid incompressible flow. Bernoulli equation, potential flows over airfoil, thin airfoil theory, flow over finite wings, Prandtl classical, lifting time theory, down wash and induced drag compilation of lift and drag of the airfoil and wing, boundary layer analysis, high lift devices.
       • Compressible Aerodynamics
         Intro to wave theory, normal oblique shock, prandtl Meyer expansion waves, Engine inlet & nozzle design, potential low equations, linear theory, transonic flow supersonic/hypersonic flow.
       • Aerospace Structures-I
         Basic structural elements, construction of parts of an aircraft, wing and fuselage, columns, buckling of plates, energy methods, failure theories, Matrix method of structural analysis
       • Heat and Mass Transfer
         Basics of Heat Transfer: Heat transfer mechanisms, Thermal conductivity & diffusivity, etc. Heat Conduction: Multidimensional heat transfer, Heat generation, heat conduction equation, Boundary and initial conditions, Steady heat conduction in plane walls, cylinders and spheres, Critical radius of insulation, Heat transfer from finned surfaces etc. Convection Heat Transfer: Physical mechanism, Velocity and thermal boundary layers, Differential equations, External & Internal forced convection, Thermal insulation, Natural & Free convection, etc. Heat Transfer by Radiation: Thermal radiation, Radiation properties, Radiation view factor, View factor relations, Heat exchange between nonblack bodies, Radiation shields, etc. Heat Exchangers: Basic types, Log mean temperature difference method, Heat exchanger effectiveness – NTU method, Selection / Design considerations, etc. Mass Transfer: Fick’s law of diffusion, Mass transfer Coefficient, Water vapor migration in buildings, Diffusion in a moving medium, etc.
       • Aero Vehicle Performance
         Performance analysis of air vehicles under steady flight and accelerated conditions, drag polar, power available, power required, endurance, range, climb, ceiling, maximum speed, stalling speed, high lift devices, turning, take-off and landing performance.
       • Flight Dynamics & Stability
         Developing transformation matrices deriving aircrafts governing equation of motion. Mathematically modeling an aircraft. Derive & calculate stability derivation of an aircraft. Aircrafts dynamics stability & response to controls.
       • Spacecraft Design
         This course will not be restricted to satellites and earth orbiting missions but also address the space shuttles, rockets and interplanetary missions. The topics includes spacecraft mission characterization with orbital parameters; space payloads; structural, electrical, thermal and power design of launch vehicles and satellites; attitude control system; mission operations.
       • Aero Vehicle Design
         Analysis of aircraft design with respect to aerodynamics, propulsion, structure, performance and stability. Design specific cost analysis and design optimization.
       • Control Systems
         Open and closed-loop systems, modeling in state space of dynamic systems, mathematical models of mechanical, electrical and electronic systems, stability criteria, control system design by root locus method, control system design by frequency-response, PID Controllers.
       • Propulsion & Power Systems
         Gas turbine cycles, intakes and nozzles, turbojet, turbofan and turbo prop engines, thrust augmentation, centrifugal and axial flow compressors, combustion chambers, turbine, exhaust nozzles.
       • Structural Dynamics & Aeroelasticity
         Structural dynamics and aeroelasticity study, with an emphasis on conventional aircraft. Majorly structural dynamics comprising vibration, modal representation, and dynamic response, (b) static aeroelasticity including divergence, aileron reversal, flight load redistribution and (c) dynamic aeroelasticity including flutter, unsteady aerodynamics, and elastic tailoring.
       • Senior Design Project
         Students undertake an independent project in their senior year. Essential tasks: Project identification, aims and objectives of project, definition of subsystems and requirements, project feasibility, progress presentation, preliminary design, finalization of analysis, design finalization, report preparation, final presentation.
     • Electives
       
       • Aerospace Structures II
         Stress analysis of elastic structures for aerospace application under different loading conditions, Shear flow distribution in thin-wall structures, wings and fuselage analysis; composite structure for aerospace applications; Aeroelasticity.
       • Rotorcraft Dynamics
         Elementary blade motion; aerodynamics of rotor in motion; helicopter performance; Modeling and analysis techniques for dynamic response, vibration, aeroelastic stability, and aeromechanical stability of rotary-wing vehicles.
       • Space Propulsion
         Propulsion and Thermal Science Space Propulsion Introduction to rocket propulsion fundamentals propellants and nozzle design with detailed insight to chemical and non-chemical propulsion system and advanced concepts in prolusion for space application.
       • Guidance and Navigation of Aerospace Vehicles
         Principles of inertial navigation, theory and applications of GPS, celestial navigation procedures Principles of guidance systems for spacecraft launch vehicles, homing and ballistic missiles. Optimal guidance, Interplanetary transfer guidance with low thrust, Principles of inertial navigation, theory and applications of the Global Positioning System, Celestial navigation procedures, application of Kalman filtering to recursive navigation theory, Noise Analysis.
       • Computational Mechanics
         Fundamental concepts on solving problems in computational fluid dynamics and computational structural mechanics. The first part of the course would focus on the fundamental computational schemes employed to solve fluid flow while the later part provides a basic approach to finite element methods for learning stress analysis and heat transfer applications.
       • Digital Systems Design
         Analysis of sequential circuits, counters, registers, memories, introduction to microprocessors, low level microprocessor programming, peripheral interface, microcontrollers and their applications.
       • Flight Control System
         Introduction to the design of flight control systems; aircraft stability; cases of stability augmentation system and basic autopilots systems are explained and practiced using design examples in MATLAB/Simulink; design and implementation of navigational autopilots.
       • Advance Fluid Mechanics
         IThe course focuses on theoretical and computational aspects of fluid mechanics relevant to aerospace engineering. Students will explore topics such as boundary layers, turbulence, and compressible flows and will use CFD tools for design and optimization in aerospace applications. The course will enable students to develop advanced analytical skills to model and solve complex fluid dynamics problems, as well as apply those skills in research projects using computational tools like MATLAB and ANSYS Fluent.
       • Turbo Machinery
         Turbo Machinery Impact of free jets; dimensional analysis and similitude; impulse turbines; reaction turbines; centrifugal pumps; reciprocating pumps; power plants their types and principle of operation.
       • Spacecraft Dynamics and Control
         Introduction to the space, two-body orbital mechanics, orbit determination, time of flight, non-Keplerian motion, rocket performance, orbital maneuvers, interplanetary trajectories, attitude dynamics, attitude control, attitude determination and control hardware.
     • Other Disciplinary Engineering Electives
       
       • Circuits and Electronics (MDEE- I)
         Current, voltage, resistance, power, energy, resistive circuits, Ohm's law, Kirchoff's current and voltage laws, Thevenin's and Norton's theorem, PN-Junction diode, digital systems and Boolean algebra, analog and digital signals.
       • Occupational Health and Safety (MDEE-II)
         In-order to avoid lab accidents, Occupational Health and Safety is a very important course for students. Students will learn safety practices, risk assessment, prevention, emergency and first aid, and safety during mechanical and thermal testing. These safety practices will benefit not only themselves but also the protection of the lab, department, institute, and the environment at large.
       • Intro to Space Sciences (IDEE-I)
         This is an introductory course to Space Sciences. The course covers the fundamental concepts of Space Sciences including, Astronomy, Astrophysics, GIS, Remote Sensing, and Environmental Sciences.

1. Matric/ Equivalent Certificate (Science) with minimum 60% marks
2. FSc Pre-Engineering/ ICS/ DAE/ Equivalent Certificate with minimum 60% overall marks
3. Minimum 33% Obtained Marks in Entry Test acceptable for IST

1. Diploma in Aerospace
2. Diploma in Auto Diesel
3. Diploma in Automation
4. Diploma in Mechanical with any Specialization
5. Diploma in Mechatronics